
The business that became Alfa Romeo was founded as Società Anonima Italiana Darracq (SAID) in 1906 by the French automobile firm associated with Alexandre Darracq, with Italian language investors. In late 1909, the Italian Darracq cars were selling slowly and the Italian partners of the company hired Giuseppe Merosi to design brand new cars. On 24 June 1910, a new business was founded named The. L. F. A., initially still in partnership with Darracq. The first non-Darracq car produced by the organization was the 1910 twenty-four HP, designed by Merosi. A. L. F. A. ventured into motor racing, with drivers Franchini plus Ronzoni competing in the particular 1911 Targa Florio with two 24-hp models. In August 1915, the company came under the direction of Neapolitan entrepreneur Nicola Romeo, who converted the factory to produce army hardware for the Italian and Allied war efforts. In 1920, the title of the company was converted to Alfa Romeo along with the Torpedo 20–30 HP the first car in order to be so badged.
In 1921, the Banca Italiana di Sconto, which backed the E. Nicola Romeo & Company, went broke and the government needed to support the business companies included, among that was Alfa Romeo, through the "Consorzio for each Sovvenzioni sui Valori Industriali". In 1925, the train activities were separated from the Romeo company, and 1928, Nicola Romeo left. In 1933, the state ownership was reorganized below the banner of the Istituto per la Ricostruzione Industriale (IRI) by Benito Mussolini's government, which then experienced effective control. The company fought to return to profitability after the Second Planet War, and turned to mass-producing small vehicles instead of hand-building luxury models. In 1954, it developed the Alfa Romeo Twin Cam engine, which would remain in production until 1994. During the 1960s and 1970s, Alfa Romeo produced numerous sporty cars, but fought to make a revenue, so Istituto per una Reconstruzione (IRI), the state conglomerate that controls Finmeccanica sold the marque to the Fiat Group within 1986.
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